What theory did Nicolaus Copernicus propose regarding the solar system?

Nicolaus Copernicus is best known for proposing the heliocentric model of the solar system, which posits that the planets, including Earth, orbit around the Sun. This was a revolutionary idea in the 16th century as it challenged the long-standing geocentric view that placed Earth at the center of the universe. The heliocentric theory provided a clearer and more accurate explanation of celestial movements, leading to significant advancements in astronomy.

Copernicus's model laid the groundwork for future astronomical studies and was critical in the transition to modern science, as it shifted the focus from Earth-centric views to a Sun-centered understanding of our solar system. This fundamentally altered our perception of the universe and sparked further exploration and discovery in astronomy.